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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Patient.While HIV-infected individuals with lymphogranuloma venereum should receive the same treatment regimens recommended for other patients, there is some evidence that HIV-infected patients may require more prolonged therapy and resolution may be delayed.Chlamydia psittaci InfectionsWhile tetracyclines are the drugs of choice for the treatment of C. psittaci infections (psittacosis), erythromycin is an alternative for the treatment of psittacosis when tetracyclines are contraindicated (e.g., in pregnant women, children younger than 9 years of age). DiphtheriaErythromycin is used as an adjunct to diphtheria antitoxin in the treatment of respiratory tract infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria (diphtheria). Erythromycin also is used for prevention of diphtheria in close contacts of patients with diphtheria and to eliminate the diphtheria carrier state. Although cutaneous diphtheria generally is caused by nontoxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae, some clinicians recommend that patients with cutaneous infections receive a 10-day regimen of anti-infective therapy in addition to thorough cleansing of the lesions; use of diphtheria antitoxin in these patients also is recommended by some clinicians since toxic sequelae have occurred in some patients with cutaneous lesions.Use of diphtheria antitoxin is the most important aspect of treatment of respiratory diphtheria. Anti-infective therapy may eliminate C. diphtheriae from infected sites, prevent spread of the organism and further toxin production, and prevent or terminate the diphtheria carrier state; however, anti-infectives appear to be of no value in neutralizing diphtheria toxin and should not be considered a substitute for antitoxin therapy. For the adjunctive treatment of diphtheria, erythromycin may be given orally or IV; alternatively, a parenteral regimen of penicillin G or penicillin G procaine can be used. Patients usually are no longer contagious 48 hours after initiation of anti-infective therapy. Eradication of C. diphtheriae should be confirmed by 2 consecutive negative cultures following completion of anti-infective therapy. Because diphtheria infection often does not confer immunity, active immunization with a diphtheria toxoid preparation should be initiated or completed during convalescence. For prevention of diphtheria, the CDC, US Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), and AAP recommend that, irrespective of their immunization status, all household or other close contacts of individuals with suspected
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