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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Students also studiedFlashcard setsStudy guidesMOA: acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to promote vasodilation (primarily on the veins)Ther use: Stable Angina- decreases cardiac oxygen demand by decreasing venous return to the heart.Variant Angina-Relaxes/prevents spasms in the coronary arteries(DRUG OF CHOICE for Acute angina)(Nitroglycerin)What do we do during an Emergency with Nitrates?How do we discontinue them? Store them? What about Tolerance?-Take Nitroglycerin, wait 5min and give another dose/CALL 911, Do not exceed 3 doses every 5 min-Discontinue slowly, if stopped abruptly vasospasmN may occur-Store Nitrates in an area protecting them from light and moisture, make sure the pill isn't power form-Patient on nitrates may develop a tolerance quickly, as the nurse recommend they have an 8hr off period every night while sleeping.Nitroglycerin Interactions and Adverse EffectsInteractions- Hypotensive drugs, Beta blockers, verapamil, ditilazem, PDE5 Inhibitors (viagra)Adverse Effects-Headache, orthostatic hypotension, relex tachycardiaBile-Acid sequestrants (Coesevelam)MOA: Increase LDL receptors on heptocytes by preventing reabsorption of bile acidsTher use: Lower LDL along with lifestyle modification with or without statinsBile-Acid sequestrants (Coesevelam) Adverse Effects and InteractionsAdverse effects: Constipation, bloating, indigestion, nauseaInteractions: Decrease absorption of other medications (thaizides, digoxin, warfarin avoid taking within 1 hour of this medication)Moa: block Beta 1 receptorsTher use: Decrease HR and contractility, suppress reflex tachycardia cause by vasodilators, reduce renin release, reduce peripheral resistanceEx: metroprolol, PropranololAnti-platelet (Clopidogrel)MOA: Blocks P2Y12 ADP receptors on platelets aggregation allowing for irreversible (for life of platelet) aggregation allowing for irreversible (for the life of the platelet)Ther use: Prevention of Coronary Artery sent blocking reduction of thrombotic events (MI, ischemic stroke and vascular death in pt with ACS with aspirin atherosclerosisMOA: activates antithrombin. Enhances the activity of antithrombin leading to the inactivation of thrombin and factor XaTher use: Prophylaxis of venous thrombosis (preferred in pregnancy) - PE and DVT treatment -Prev post op DVT-MI-Disseminated intravascular coaguabilityHeparin Adverse effects and InteractionsAdverse Effects: Hemorrhage, Spinal/epidural hematoma, Heparin induced thrombocytopenia, HypersensitivityInteractions: Any anti-platelet drug, protamine sulfateMonitor: A PTT, Xa Heparin AssayAnti-coagulant Enoxparin (Lovenox)Low molecular weight Heparin having more of an effect on factor Xa than thrombin.-If patient is taking Heparin at home they usually will take this long termAngiotensin II receptor Blockers (SARTAN)Suffix (ARB)MOA:Block access of angiotensin II receptors in the BV and adrenals and all other tissueTher use: Hypertension, HF, Diabetic nephropathy, myocardial infarction, Stroke, prevention of MI, Diabetic retinopathyARBS Adverse Effects and InteractionsAdverse Effects: angioedema, Fetal harm, Renal failure. Interactions: Other hypertensive agentsThrombolytic Drugs ALTEPLASE (TPA)MOA: activates tissue plasminogen, promotes plasmin formation which digests fibrin and degrades fibrinogen and other clotting factorsTher use: Acute MI, Acute ischemic stroke, Acute massive PE, restore patency in central venous catheterBleeding, breaking down old clots, reducing formation of new clotsAnti-coagulant (Rivaroxaban)MOA: both are oral and prevent factor Xa Ther use: Prevention of DVT and PE following joint replacement, prevention of stroke in Patients with A-fib, Treatment of DVT and PE unrealated to ortho surgery
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